{"id":63,"date":"2025-03-13T09:50:56","date_gmt":"2025-03-13T09:50:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alexnguyens.com\/?p=63"},"modified":"2025-03-13T09:50:57","modified_gmt":"2025-03-13T09:50:57","slug":"the-narrow-corridor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alexnguyens.com\/?p=63","title":{"rendered":"The Narrow Corridor"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"707\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"65\" src=\"https:\/\/alexnguyens.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/95E9B854-DE9C-454F-B3F8-B24819DF4FE3-29228-000015558F52D209-707x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-65\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alexnguyens.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/95E9B854-DE9C-454F-B3F8-B24819DF4FE3-29228-000015558F52D209-707x1024.png 707w, https:\/\/alexnguyens.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/95E9B854-DE9C-454F-B3F8-B24819DF4FE3-29228-000015558F52D209-207x300.png 207w, https:\/\/alexnguyens.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/95E9B854-DE9C-454F-B3F8-B24819DF4FE3-29228-000015558F52D209-768x1112.png 768w, https:\/\/alexnguyens.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/95E9B854-DE9C-454F-B3F8-B24819DF4FE3-29228-000015558F52D209-1061x1536.png 1061w, https:\/\/alexnguyens.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/95E9B854-DE9C-454F-B3F8-B24819DF4FE3-29228-000015558F52D209.png 1140w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 707px) 100vw, 707px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch <em>The Narrow Corridor: States, Societies, and the Fate of Liberty<\/em> c\u1ee7a Daron Acemoglu v\u00e0 James A. Robinson ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng trong <em>Why Nations Fail<\/em>, nh\u01b0ng t\u1eadp trung s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. <strong>&#8220;H\u00e0nh lang h\u1eb9p&#8221; \u2013 \u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng trung t\u00e2m<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>&#8220;H\u00e0nh lang h\u1eb9p&#8221; (The Narrow Corridor)<\/strong> l\u00e0 \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 ch\u1ec9 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, n\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>N\u1ebfu nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh: H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd r\u01a1i v\u00e0o chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf, n\u01a1i quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb b\u00f3p ngh\u1eb9t.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>N\u1ebfu x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i qu\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc y\u1ebfu: X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i s\u1ebd r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng v\u00f4 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. <strong>Quy lu\u1eadt &#8220;Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c&#8221;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec t\u1ef1 do trong h\u00e0nh lang h\u1eb9p kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 l\u00e0 <strong>m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/strong> gi\u1eefa nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ea7n n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. <strong>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ngo\u00e0i h\u00e0nh lang<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>C\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m trong h\u00e0nh lang h\u1eb9p th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o hai m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ef1c \u0111oan:\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Leviathan b\u1ecb xi\u1ec1ng x\u00edch (Shackled Leviathan):<\/strong> X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i qu\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh khi\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: Somalia v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng v\u00f4 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Leviathan chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf (Despotic Leviathan):<\/strong> Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3o x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. <strong>C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf t\u1ef1 d<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>V\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed:<\/strong> V\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9: M\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Trung Qu\u1ed1c: Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1eeb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed:<\/strong> Nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 l\u1edbn (nh\u01b0 chi\u1ebfn tranh, c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea9y ra kh\u1ecfi h\u00e0nh lang h\u1eb9p.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7:<\/strong> C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1eeba l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u1eeba l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, khi n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. <strong>C\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Hoa K\u1ef3:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia n\u1eb1m trong h\u00e0nh lang nh\u1edd c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c gi\u1eefa nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: phong tr\u00e0o d\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Th\u1ee5y S\u0129:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tham gia x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ch\u00e2u Phi:<\/strong> Nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1eabn \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc y\u1ebfu ho\u1eb7c chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. <strong>Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p ch\u00ednh<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>T\u1ef1 do l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb9p v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n:<\/strong> \u0110\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c gi\u1eefa nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed1i t\u1eaft:<\/strong> C\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 do c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1eadp th\u1ec3:<\/strong> M\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n tham gia v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec h\u00e0nh lang n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em>The Narrow Corridor<\/em> kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed hay ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng nhau x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ef1 do, n\u01a1i nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch The Narrow Corridor: States, Societies, and the Fate of Liberty c\u1ee7a Daron Acemoglu&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[8],"class_list":["post-63","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-book","tag-book"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/alexnguyens.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/alexnguyens.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/alexnguyens.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alexnguyens.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alexnguyens.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=63"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/alexnguyens.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":66,"href":"https:\/\/alexnguyens.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63\/revisions\/66"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/alexnguyens.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=63"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alexnguyens.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=63"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alexnguyens.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=63"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}